How to apply for Medicaid

Apply through your state Medicaid agency or HealthCare.gov. You can apply any time, it's free, and states generally must decide within 45 days, or 90 days if your eligibility depends on a disability.

Ways to apply

• Online: your state portal or HealthCare.gov.
• Phone: see the number on your state page.
• In person: your county or local office.
• Mail: a paper application from the agency.

Document checklist

• Social Security numbers, if you have them
• Proof of identity and citizenship or immigration status
• Proof of address
• Recent pay stubs, a tax return or self-employment records
• Details of benefits such as Social Security or unemployment
• Current health insurance information
• Asset statements, if applying based on age or disability
• Proof of pregnancy, if the state asks for it

After you apply

1. The state checks electronic records.
2. It may ask for more documents. Respond by the deadline.
3. You get a written decision.
4. If approved, you'll choose or get assigned a health plan in many states.

If you are denied

Your notice explains why and how to appeal. Ask for a fair hearing, usually within 90 days. Call 211 to find legal aid in your area. Before applying, check your estimate and read who qualifies.

How to fill out your application

• List everyone on your tax return, even if they aren't applying.
• Give your current income, and explain if it has recently changed.
• Answer disability and pregnancy questions, as they can open other routes.
• Ask about retroactive coverage if you have recent medical bills.

Common mistakes

• Giving net pay when gross is requested.
• Leaving out a household member.
• Missing a request for documents.
• Moving without updating your address.
• Paying someone to apply. Applying is free.

When coverage starts

This depends on your state and group. It often begins around your application date or the first of that month. It may reach back further if you ask about retroactive coverage and were eligible then.

Choosing a plan

Many states use managed care. Compare which doctors, hospitals and pharmacies are in each plan, and check its extras. If you don't choose, you may be assigned one.

Check your application status

Use your state's portal or call the number on your state page. Have your application number ready. If the 45-day limit passes, ask for an update, and ask about a fair hearing if needed.